And we are back, for the third time, from the Eastern Gotland basin. For little more than one week you will be able to follow the benthic biogeochemistry group at the University of Gothenburg (UGOT) and their work here on the blog. Well, great, but what are we doing?
In brief, the deeper parts of the Baltic Sea suffers from long periods of anoxia (total depletion of oxygen) and hypoxia (low oxygen levels). You can read more about the details in a blog post from last year. The absence of oxygen causes many problems, for example increased eutrophication and negative effects on fish and animals that live on the seafloor. On rare occasions, inflows of water from the North Sea comes in and oxygenates the deep bottoms. It is the effects of one of those inflows that we are investigating.
In 2008-2010, when the deeper bottoms were anoxic, the benthic biogeochemistry group took their lander (more about the lander later) and went to measure what comes out of the sediment and what goes in. Then, in the winter of 2014-2015, there was a huge inflow. Being the largest inflow in 50 years, it oxygenated large parts of the previously anoxic bottoms.
It is well known that many chemical processes are greatly affected by oxygen, so this unique chance to see what happens with the entire system could not be missed. We had to go back. In the first expedition in the summer of 2015, there was quite a lot of oxygen. During the second expedition in the spring of 2016, the oxygen had decreased but was still present. Now we are here for a third time, and it seems like the oxygen is gone. We have followed the cycle from anoxic to oxic and back to anoxic.
So what have we found out so far? Well, results from the first expedition were recently published in an article with the fancy name
Influence of Natural Oxygenation of Baltic Proper Deep Water on Benthic Recycling and Removal of Phosphorus, Nitrogen, Silicon and Carbon – Hall et al. 2017


These results showed that the oxygenation had an impact on two important processes: the flow of phosphorus from the sediment decreased, and nitrification and denitrification were initiated and thereby decreased the amount of nitrogen available for organisms. In short, the sedimentary flow of phosphorus and nitrogen that can be taken up by organisms decreased, which is very good in the Baltic Sea, where there is too much of these substances at the moment.
The results have so far been very interesting, and now it is time to see if the system goes back to the same state as before the inflow, or if something has changed. With us are Per Hall – eccentric biogeochemistry professor from UGOT and expedition leader, Misha (Michail) Kononets – research engineer and lander nerd from UGOT, Nils Ekeroth – researcher at UGOT and all-arounder (i.e. lifesaver), Amanda Nylund – master student from UGOT and filtration expert, Stefano Bonaglia – post doc at Stockholm university who is almost never visible since he is stuck at his microsensors, Sebastiaan van de Velde – PhD student at Vrije Universiteit Brussel and sediment trace metal guy with a nice glovebag, Martine Leermakers – professor at Vrije Universiteit Brussel and filtration expert no 2/water column trace metal person, and Astrid Hylén – blogging PhD student from UGOT and nitrogen detective.
Next up: why digging around in mud is important.
So long,
Astrid
You have made your point pretty nicely!!
best prices on brand viagra viagra cheap forum
buy generic viagra
viagra babies – https://genericviagrarcp.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Info certainly considered!.
viagra and advil viagra suppositories ivf ashermans
viagra without a doctor prescription
condoms viagra – https://genericviagramsl.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Position well considered.!
female viagra stories viagra rude cartoons
buy viagra online
viagra benefits side effects – https://genericviagrantx.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
This is nicely said! !
viagra fraudsters tadalafil vs viagra
viagra 100mg
does wallgreens sell viagra – https://genericviagrantx.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Lovely info. Appreciate it!
shemales and viagra mnner potenzmittel viagra cialis online
viagra online
edinburgh uk viagra ago articleid good – https://genericviagrarcp.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Wow tons of useful info.
viagra nitric oxide 50 cent generic viagra
viagra without a doctors prescription
blue cross viagra – https://genericviagramsl.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Incredible quite a lot of wonderful tips!
edinburgh uk viagra find sites search buy viagra onlina
viagra 100mg
arlene farmer viagra – https://genericviagrantx.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Whoa tons of helpful advice!
viagra warning viagra bob is happy commercial
cheap viagra
viagra crohns – https://genericviagrarcp.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Cheers! Plenty of posts!
cvs viagra price viagra cialis levitra online candian
viagra online
viagra death lawsuits – https://genericviagrarcp.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Wow many of great knowledge.
senior discount viagra after using viagra
generic viagra 100mg
viagra nottingham – https://genericviagrantx.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Factor very well utilized!.
is watermelon the new viagra i can’t afford viagra
viagra for women
cheap viagra online without prescritpion – https://genericviagrantx.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Nicely put. Thank you.
citrate generic name sildenafil viagra viagra leicester po box
cheap viagra
do viagra soft tabs work – https://genericviagrantx.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Many thanks, Valuable information!
viagra voorschrift belgie search viagra viagra edinburgh pages
viagra online
baby boomers euthanasia instead of viagra – https://genericviagramsl.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Kudos. An abundance of postings.
cheap viagra prices viagra soft tabs description
buy generic viagra
viagra subs – https://genericviagrarcp.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
You actually stated this superbly.
woman use viagra nhs viagra free
viagra without a doctor prescription
funny viagra jokes – https://genericviagrarcp.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Really lots of excellent information.
canadian pharamacy viagra does viagra mantain erection after ejaculation
viagra generic
viagra cialis from canada – https://genericviagrarcp.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Many thanks! I appreciate this!
viagra party comparing viagra and corals
cheap viagra
viagra legal patent – https://genericviagramsl.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Thank you! Useful stuff!
when does viagras copyright end viagra triangle westlake ohio
viagra pills
diary of a viagra housewife – https://genericviagramsl.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Thanks. Lots of info.
viagra today for women diabetes foundation course re viagra
viagra 100mg
viagra work for women – https://genericviagrantx.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Cheers. Lots of stuff!
viagra use may damage fertility videos matt lauer as the amazons viagra
viagra pills
viagra erection quality – https://genericviagrarcp.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Thanks. Wonderful stuff!
how to take viagra pfizer viagra new indication approval 2009
generic viagra 100mg
viagra andnot generic – https://genericviagrarcp.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Kudos, Ample material!
viagra half price mixing wellbutrin and viagra
viagra online
viagra impotence – https://genericviagrantx.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Wonderful material. Kudos.
using viagra on house plants best prices on canadian viagra
buy generic viagra
frau viagra – https://genericviagrantx.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
You suggested that terrifically.
cb viagra kit va regulations viagra
viagra without a doctors prescription
viagra cialis generic – https://genericviagramsl.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Awesome information. Cheers!
viagra cialis euros puntagorda male enhancment viagra
generic viagra online
on line pharmacy viagra – https://genericviagramsl.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Many thanks, I like it.
how long for viagra to work low income assistance with viagra
cheap viagra
viagra molecule – https://genericviagrarcp.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
You said it adequately.!
viagra online stores viagra in new zeland
viagra online
viagra cactus – https://genericviagrantx.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
You said it very well.!
buy viagra in canada viagra price cvs
viagra without a doctor prescription
viagra pilsner – https://genericviagramsl.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Great content. Thank you!
how to order viagra drug interactions between flomax and viagra
buy viagra online
is revatio the same as viagra – https://genericviagramsl.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Useful forum posts. With thanks.
viagra 100 identification free info mail viagra
viagra for women
viagra and metoprotol interaction – https://genericviagrantx.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
You stated that very well.
viagra without prescription scams viagra how long side effects
buy viagra online
dangers of taking too much viagra – https://genericviagramsl.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
You actually explained it adequately!
which is better viagra levitra cialis viagra online apotheke
viagra for sale uk
how long effects viagra – https://genericviagrarcp.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Terrific postings. Thanks.
viagra testimony heath reform viagra
buy viagra online
how long do you take viagra – https://genericviagramsl.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Fantastic info. Cheers.
alcohol and viagra marketing viagra to baby boomers
viagra for women
new song called viva viagra – https://genericviagrantx.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Perfectly expressed indeed! !
use viagra man dies from viagra overdose
viagra online
waiting period for viagra before sex – https://genericviagrarcp.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
You actually mentioned that superbly.
nitric oxide viagra viagra sale free generic
viagra 100mg
wholesale viagra – https://genericviagrarcp.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Nicely put, Appreciate it.
viagra work for venous leak taking epinephrine with viagra
viagra without a doctor prescription
female viagra cream – https://genericviagrarcp.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
With thanks, I enjoy this!
consumer coplaints against netdr viagra shopping online for viagra
viagra generic
cialis generic lowest price viagra – https://genericviagrarcp.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Cheers. Lots of info.
viagra knights medicare b benefit viagra
cheap viagra
viagra cialis cheap – https://genericviagrarcp.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Kudos! Wonderful stuff!
comparison study of viagra cialis levitra topical viagra for women
generic viagra online
viagra help jet lag – https://genericviagrantx.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Wow quite a lot of valuable advice.
cuming with viagra viagra stories success
viagra 100mg
viagra and cialis dosage – https://genericviagrarcp.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Valuable tips. With thanks.
subaction showcomments viagra optional older la viagra
generic viagra 100mg
texas viagra caverta generic – https://genericviagrantx.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Regards, Great information.
viagra funny photo 50c generic viagra
viagra without a doctors prescription
funny viagra pictures – https://genericviagramsl.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Wonderful posts. Cheers!
cheap viagra 100mg cost of viagra in canada
generic viagra
viagra sweat pass out – https://genericviagrantx.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Nicely put, Regards.
rx viagra 100mg viagra juice
generic viagra 100mg
viagra for wimen – https://genericviagrantx.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Nicely put. Thanks a lot!
slow down viagra generic viagra in the uk
buy viagra
viagra cost at sam’s club – https://genericviagrantx.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
You mentioned it terrifically!
viagra food replacements buy viagra online without prescription uk
viagra 100mg
who benefits from viagra – https://genericviagramsl.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Effectively spoken really. !
viagra and stimulants cialis viagra levitra pump
generic viagra 100mg
viagra reactions – https://genericviagrantx.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Great forum posts, Kudos!
guide to buying viagra uk 12 generic sildenafil viagra
generic viagra online
online viagra canada – https://genericviagrarcp.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Whoa a lot of excellent info.
viagra vs better hard on viagra ship to canada
generic viagra 100mg
americans hooked on viagra – https://genericviagrantx.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
You said this exceptionally well!
viagra equivilent viagra ocular side effects
buy generic viagra
viagra 2011 cost winnipeg – https://genericviagrantx.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
You revealed that adequately.
pfizer sales of viagra in canada how many hours for viagra
buy viagra online
lowest price on viagra – https://genericviagramsl.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
Many thanks, I like it!
aaa and viagra cialis viagra levitra trusted pharmacy catalog
viagra without a doctors prescription
who markets viagra – https://genericviagrantx.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap
You suggested that wonderfully!
viagra poppers dosing equivalence beween viagra and cialis
buy generic viagra
is viagra covered by insurance companies – https://genericviagrantx.com
GeraldKib
DwayneRic
KevinMap